Department of Religions and Philosophies
Professor of Jewish Studies
Centre for Jewish Studies
Member
Centre for Migration and Diaspora Studies
Member, Centre for Migration and Diaspora Studies
Member
Dr Theol (Heidelberg), PhD in Ancient Judaism (Jewish Theological Seminary of America, New York), Habilitation in Jewish Studies (Free University Berlin)
Prof. Catherine Hezser studied Jewish Studies, Theology and Philosophy at the universities of Muenster and Heidelberg in Germany and at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America in New York.
She completed her studies with a Dr. theol. (Heidelberg, 1986) and a Ph.D. in Jewish Studies (New York, 1992). After spending two years as a senior research fellow at Kings College Cambridge (1992-94), she went to the Free University Berlin to teach and complete her Habilitation in Jewish Studies (Berlin, 1997). Afterwards she did research at the Hebrew University Jerusalem as a Yad Hanadiv - Rothberg Foundation fellow and was granted a Heisenberg Professorship by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
From 2000 to 2005 she was the Al and Felice Lippert Professor of Jewish Studies at Trinity College Dublin and the Director of the Herzog Centre for Jewish and Near Eastern Religions and Cultures. Since 2005 she has been teaching at SOAS, University of London.
Prof. Hezser has distinguished herself as a major expert in the social history of Jews in Roman Palestine in late antiquity. She employs the methods and results of the social sciences and of (post-modern) literary criticism to better understand Jewish life and culture in Hellenistic and Roman times. In her many publications she examines ancient Judaism within the context of Graeco-Roman and early Christian society. Prof. Hezser is also interested in issues of modern Jewish identity and its literary expressions in Europe, America and Israel.
Prof. Hezser has participated in a variety of interdisciplinary research projects, e.g., as a senior research fellow at King's College, Cambridge (1992-94), in a project on early Judaism and Christianity with the late Prof. Keith Hopkins; at the Free University, Berlin (1994-2000), in a project on the Talmud Yerushalmi and Graeco-Roman culture, initiated by Prof. Peter Schaefer. She carried out research on ancient Jewish slavery as Lady Davies Visiting Research Professor at the Hebrew University (2003). Before joining the SOAS faculty she held the Al and Felice Lippert Chair of Jewish and Near Eastern Religions and Culture at Trinity College Dublin (2000-05). She is currently editing the Routledge Handbook of Jews and Judaism in Late Antiquity.
She is currently working on a British Academy funded project on “Rabbinic Literature in the Context of Late Antique Scholasticism”. In 2023 she will start a new three-year research project funded by the UK-German Collaborative Grant in the Humanities (AHRC-DFG). The title of this project is “Rabbinic Civil Law in the Context of Ancient Legal History: A Legal Compendium on the Bavot Tractates of the Talmud Yerushalmi”.
The main objective of the project is to integrate Jewish civil law, as it developed in Roman Palestine in late antiquity (3rd-4th c. CE) and is codified in the Bavot tractates of the Talmud Yerushalmi, within ancient legal history. Scholars of ancient legal history generally deal with Roman law as the basis of modern European law, whereas rabbinic law is studied in the context of Jewish Studies. Ancient rabbis were legal adjudicators who devised rules and precedents in areas of civil law that have analogies in non-Jewish legal traditions, especially Hellenistic and Roman law. Compiled in the Bavot tractates of the Talmud, rabbinic civil law constitutes a significant Near Middle Eastern corpus of ancient civil law. The analysis and comparison of rabbinic with (mostly Egyptian) Hellenistic and with Roman civil law will enable us to overcome the inappropriate division between Jewish and non-Jewish, eastern and western legal traditions and enable an integrated approach to ancient law. The project examines the impact of Roman law on the eastern provinces in the context of Roman imperialism and the development of a legal hybridity in local Near Middle Eastern societies.
Between Scholasticism and Populism: Rabbinic and Christian Networks in the Roman Empire
Hezser, Catherine, 2022, Annali di Storia dell’Esegesi: Rivista semestrale a cura del Centro Italiano di Studi Superiori sulle Religioni (39), 1, pp 27-46
Recent Research on Travel, Network Theory, and Identity in Jewish, Christian, and Graeco-Roman Society (300 BCE -- 600 CE)
Hezser, Catherine, 2020, Jerusalem and Eretz Israel. A Journal for Land of Israel Studies and Archaeology = ירושלים וארץ-ישראל : כתב-עת ללימודי ארץ-ישראל וארכיאולוגיה. (2020), 12-13, pp 13-28
Plurisignation in Biblical and Rabbinic Law: The Meaning and Punishment of 'Rape'
Hezser, Catherine (2024). In: Bakhos, Carol, (eds.) and Gray, Alyssa M., (eds.), Making History: Studies in Rabbinic History, Literature, and Culture in Honor of Richard L. Kalmin. Providence, RI: Brown Judaic Studies, pp 385-407
Hezser, Catherine (2024). In: Hezser, Catherine, (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Jews and Judaism in Late Antiquity. London and New York: Routledge, pp 1-11
Hezser, Catherine (2024). In: Hezser, Catherine, (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Jews and Judaism in Late Antiquity. London and New York: Routledge, pp 171-184
Hezser, Catherine (2024). In: Hezser, Catherine, (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Jews and Judaism in Late Antiquity. London and New York: Routledge, pp 216-228
Antiquarianism, Scholasticism, and Rabbinic Anthologies
Hezser, Catherine (2024). In: Hezser, Catherine, (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Jews and Judaism in Late Antiquity. London and New York: Routledge, pp 263-274
New Testament and Rabbinic Slave Parables at the Intersection between Fiction and Reality
Hezser, Catherine (2023). In: Ottenheijm, Eric, (eds.), Poorthuis, Marcel, (eds.) and Merz, Annette, (eds.), The Power of Parables: Essays on the Comparative Study of Jewish and Christian Parables. Leiden: Brill, pp 367-388
Rabbinic Geography: Between the Imaginary and Real
Hezser, Catherine (2023). In: Luther, Susanne, (eds.), Hartog, Peter B., (eds.) and Wilde, Clare E., (eds.), Jewish, Christian, and Muslim Travel Experiences, 3rd c. BCE - 8th c. CE. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp 251-268
The Rule of the Wise as an Alternative to Kingship and Democracy in Ancient Rabbinic and Philosophical Thought
Hezser, Catherine (2023). In: Czajkowski, Kimberley, (eds.) and Friedman, David A., (eds.), Looking In, Looking Out: Jews and Non-Jews in Mutual Contemplation. Essays for Martin Goodman on His 70th Birthday. Leiden: Brill, pp 179-202
The Mishnah and Roman Law: A Rabbinic Compilation of ius civile for the Jewish civitas of the Land of Israel under Roman Rule
Hezser, Catherine (2023). In: Cohen, Shaye J.D., (ed.), What is the Mishnah? The State of the Question. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp 141-166
Jewish Scribes in the Late Second Temple Period: Differences Between the Composition, Writing, and Interpretation of Texts
Hezser, Catherine (2022). In: Hakola, Raimo, (eds.), Orpana, Jessi, (eds.) and Huotari, Paavo, (eds.), Scriptures in the Making: Texts and Their Transmission in Late Second Temple Judaism. Leuven: Peeters, pp 149-172
What Was Jewish about Jewish Slavery in Late Antiquity?
Hezser, Catherine (2022). In: de Wet, Chris L., (eds.), Kahlos, Maijastina, (eds.) and Vuolanto, Ville, (eds.), Slavery in the Late Antique World, 150-700 CE. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp 129-148
'He Who Sits Crowned on the Throne of His Glory': Body Posture in Hekhalot Rabbati and in Rabbinic Literature
Hezser, Catherine (2021). In: Hamidovic, David, (eds.), Mimouni, Simon C., (eds.) and Painchaud, Louis, (eds.), La "sacerdotalisation" dans les premiers écrits mystiques juifs et chrétiens. Turnhout (Belgium): Brepols, pp 41-56
Neighbour, Townsperson, and Fellow Creature: The Regulation of Inter-Human Relationships in Palestinian Rabbinic Texts
Hezser, Catherine (2021). In: Bjelland Kartzow, Marianne, (ed.), The Ambiguous Figure of the Neighbour in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic Texts and Receptions. London: Routledge, pp 60-77
Did Palestinian Rabbis Know Roman Law? Methodological Considerations and Case Studies
Hezser, Catherine (2021). In: Berthelot, Katell, (eds.), Dohrmann, Natalie, (eds.) and Nemo-Pekelman, Capucine, (eds.), Legal Engagement. The Reception of Roman Law and Tribunals by Jews and Other Inhabitants of the Empire. Rome: École française de Rome, pp 303-322
Interaction between Rabbis and Non-Rabbinic Jews in Palestinian Rabbinic Literature of Late Antiquity
Hezser, Catherine (2021). In: Hezser, Catherine, (eds.) and Edelman, Diana, (eds.), The Use and Dissemination of Religious Knowledge in Antiquity. Sheffield: Equinox, pp 145-165
Hezser, Catherine (2021). In: Hezser, Catherine, (eds.) and Edelman, Diana, (eds.), The Use and Dissemination of Religious Knowledge in Antiquity. Sheffield: Equinox, pp 1-18
Rabbis as Intellectuals in the Context of Graeco-Roman and Byzantine Christian Scholasticism
Hezser, Catherine (2019). In: Adams, Sean A., (ed.), Scholastic Culture in the Hellenistic and Roman Eras: Greek, Latin, and Jewish. Berlin and Boston: De Gruyter, pp 169-185
Followers, Servants, and Traitors: The Representation of Disciples in the Synoptic Gospels and in Ancient Judaism
Hezser, Catherine (2018). In: Porter, Stanley E., (eds.) and Pitts, Andrew W., (eds.), Christian Origins and the Establishment of the Early Jesus Movement. Leiden and Boston: Brill, pp 71-86
Hezser, Catherine (2017). In: Thatcher, Tom, (eds.), Keith, Chris, (eds.), Person, Raymond F., (eds.), Stern, Elsie R., (eds.) and Odor, Judith, (eds.), The Dictionary of the Bible and Ancient Media (DBAM). London: Bloomsbury, pp 355-359
Torah als ‘Gesetz’? Überlegungen zum Torahverständnis im antiken Judentum
Hezser, Catherine (2017). In: Rüterswörden, Udo, (ed.), Ist die Tora Gesetz? Zzum Gesetzesverständnis im Alten Testament, Frühjudentum, und Neuem Testament. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, pp 119-140
Uncertain Symbol: The Representation of Yavne in the Talmud Yerushalmi
Hezser, Catherine (2017). In: Schwartz, Joshua, (eds.) and Tomson, Peter J., (eds.), Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries: The Interbellum 70‒132 CE. Leiden; Boston: Brill, pp 176-195
Oral and Written Communication and Transmission of Knowledge in Ancient Judaism and Christianity
Hezser, Catherine (2016). In: Kelber, Werner H., (eds.) and Sanders, Paula A., (eds.), Oral-Scribal Dimensions of Scripture, Piety, and Practice: Judaism, Christianity, Islam. Eugene, Oregon: Cascade Books (Wipf and Stock Publishers), pp 89-109
The International Context of Samuel Krauss's Scholarship: Network Connections between East and West
Hezser, Catherine (2016). In: Turan, Tamas, (eds.) and Wilke, Carsten, (eds.), Modern Jewish Scholarship in Hungary. The 'Science of Judaism' between East and West. Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter, pp 175-192
Representations of the Physician in Jewish Literature from Hellenistic and Roman Times
Hezser, Catherine (2016). In: Harris, William V., (ed.), Popular Medicine in Graeco-Roman Antiquity: Explorations. Leiden and Boston: Brill, pp 173-197
Mobility, Flexibility, and the Diasporization of Palestinian Judaism after 70 C.E.
Hezser, Catherine (2016). In: Cordoni, Constanza, (eds.) and Langer, Gerhard, (eds.), 'Let the Wise Listen and Add to Their Learning' (Ps. 1:5). Festschrift for Guenther Stemberger on the Occasion of his 75th Birthday. Berlin; Boston: de Gruyter, pp 197-216
'For the Lord God is a Sun and a Shield' (Ps. 84:12): Sun Symbolism in Hellenistic Jewish Literature and in Amoraic Midrashim
Hezser, Catherine (2016). In: Leibner, Uzi, (eds.) and Hezser, Catherine, (eds.), Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context. Tuebingen: Mohr Siebeck, pp 213-236
"Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context: An Introductory Essay"
Hezser, Catherine and Leibner, Uzi (2016). In: Leibner, Uzi, (eds.) and Hezser, Catherine, (eds.), Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context. Tuebingen: Mohr Siebeck, pp 1-23
"The Torah Versus Homer: Jewish and Greco-Roman Education in Late Roman Palestine".
Hezser, Catherine (2016). In: Hauge, Matthew Ryan, (eds.) and Pitts, Andrew W., (eds.), Ancient Education and Early Christianity. London: Bloomsbury, pp 5-24
From Oral Conversation to Written Texts: Randomness in the Transmission of Rabbinic Traditions
Hezser, Catherine (2015). In: Weissenrieder, Annette, (eds.) and Coote, Robert B., (eds.), The Interface of Orality and Writing: Speaking, Seeing, Writing in the Shaping of New Genres. Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, pp 36-51
Hezser, Catherine (2015). In: Strawn, Brent A., (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law, Vol. 2. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, pp 312-319
Between Public and Private: The Significance of the Neutral Domain (Carmelit) in Late Antique Rabbinic Literature
Hezser, Catherine (2015). In: Ruepke, Joerg, (eds.) and Ando, Clifford, (eds.), Private and Public in Ancient Mediterranean Law and Religion. Berlin: de Gruyter, pp 217-236
Hezser, Catherine (2013). In: Bagnall, Roger S., (eds.), Brodersen, Kai, (eds.) and Champion, Craige B., (eds.), The Encyclopaedia of Ancient History. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., pp 3947-3949
Ancient 'Science Fiction': Journeys into Space and Visions of the World in Jewish, Christian, and Greco-Roman Literature of Antiquity
Hezser, Catherine (2013). In: Porter, Stanley E., (eds.) and Pitts, Andrew W., (eds.), Christian Origins and Hellenistic Judaism: Social and Literary Contexts for the New Testament; Vol.2 Early Christianity in its Hellenistic Context. Leiden: Brill, pp 397-438
Seduced by the Enemy or Wise Strategy? The Presentation of Non-Violence and Accommodation with Foreign Powers in Ancient Jewish Literary Sources
Hezser, Catherine (2013). In: Albertz, Rainer, (eds.) and Woehrle, Jakob, (eds.), Between Cooperation and Hostility. Multiple Identities in Ancient Judaism and the Interaction with Foreign Powers. Goettingen and Bristol, CT: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, pp 221-250
Dirt and Garbage in the Ancient Jewish Religious Imagination and in Daily Life
Hezser, Catherine (2013). In: Boustan, Raanan S., (eds.), Herrmann, Klaus, (eds.), Leicht, Raimund, (eds.) and Reed, Annette Y., (eds.), Envisioning Judaism. Studies in Honor of Peter Schaefer on the Occasion of his Seventieth Birthday. Tuebingen: Mohr Siebeck, pp 107-127
The Jesus Movement as a 'Popular' Judaism for the Unlearned
Hezser, Catherine (2013). In: von Gemuenden, Petra, (eds.), Horrell, David G., (eds.) and Kuechler, Max, (eds.), Jesus - Gestalt und Gestaltungen. Rezeptionen des Galilaeers in Wissenschaft, Kirche und Gesellschaft. Goettingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, pp 79-104
Zukunftshoffnung nach der Shoah? Messianismus, Utopie und Unsterblichkeit im Denken von Zygmunt Bauman und Emmanuel Levinas
Hezser, Catherine (2013). In: Palmer, Gesine, (eds.) and Brose, Thomas, (eds.), Religion und Politik: Das Messianische in Theologien, Religionswissenschaften und Philosophien des Zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts. Tuebingen: Mohr Siebeck, pp 191-207
Orality, Textuality, and Memory in the Transmission of Rabbinic Legal Narratives
Hezser, Catherine (2012). In: Adam, Klaus-Peter, (eds.), Avemarie, Friedrich, (eds.) and Wazana, Nili, (eds.), Law and Narrative in the Bible and in Neighbouring Ancient Cultures. Tuebingen: Mohr Siebeck, pp 279-295
Hezser, Catherine (2011). In: Bradley, Keith, (eds.) and Cartledge, Paul, (eds.), The Cambridge World History of Slavery: Volume 1: The Ancient Mediterranean World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp 438-455
Hezser, Catherine (2010). In: Goodman, Martin, (ed.), Rabbinic Texts and the History of Late-Roman Palestine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp 301-317
Hezser, Catherine (2010). In: Hezser, Catherine, (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Jewish Daily Life in Roman Palestine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp 465-481
From Oral Conversations to Written Texts: Randomness in the Transmission of Rabbinic Traditions
Hezser, Catherine (2010). In: Weissenrieder, Annette, (eds.) and Coote, Robert B., (eds.), The Interface of Orality and Writing. Speaking, Seeing, Writing in the Shaping of New Genres. Tuebingen: Mohr Siebeck, pp 36-51
"Correlating Literary, Epigraphic, and Archaeological Sources"
Hezser, Catherine (2010). In: Hezser, Catherine, (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Jewish Daily Life in Roman Palestine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp 9-27
Hezser, Catherine (2010). In: Hezser, Catherine, (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Jewish Daily Life in Roman Palestine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp 210-226
"The Graeco-Roman Context of Jewish Daily Life in Roman Palestine"
Hezser, Catherine (2010). In: Hezser, Catherine, (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Jewish Daily Life in Roman Palestine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp 28-47
‘The Slave of a Scholar is Like a Scholar’: Stories About Rabbis and Their Slaves in the Babylonian Talmud
Hezser, Catherine (2005). In: Rubenstein, Jeffrey, (ed.), Creation and Composition: The Contribution of the Bavli Redactors. Tuebingen: Mohr-Siebeck, pp 198-217
Toward the Study of Jewish Popular Culture in Roman Palestine
Hezser, Catherine (2005). In: Perani, Mauro, (ed.), "The Words of a Wise Man’s Mouth Are Gracious" (Qoh. 10,12): Festschrift. Berlin: de Gruyter, pp 267-297
Literacy and the Use of Writing in Jewish and Roman Society of Late Antiquity
Hezser, Catherine (2003). In: Kalmin, Richard, (eds.) and Schwartz, Seth, (eds.), Jewish Culture and Society Under the Christian Roman Empire. Leiden and New York: Peeters, pp 149-195
Review of: Katell Berthelot, Jews and Their Roman Rivals: Pagan Rome's Challenge to Israel (Princeton, NJ and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2021)
Hezser, Catherine (2022). Journal for the Study of Judaism (53) 4/5, pp 579-581
Review of: Reuven Kiperwasser, Going West: Migrating Personae and Construction of the Self in Rabbinic Culture (Providence, RI: Brown Judaic Studies, 2021)
Hezser, Catherine (2022). Journal for the Study of Judaism (53) 3, pp 445-447
Review of: Michael Flexsenhar, Christians in Caesar’s Household: The Emperors’ Slaves in the Makings of Christianity (Pennsylvania State University Press 2019)
Hezser, Catherine (2021). Review of Biblical Literature (2021)
Review of: Michal Bar-Asher Siegal, Jewish-Christian Dialogues on Scripture in Late Antiquity: Heretical Narratives of the Babylonian Talmud, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019
Review of: Ilana L. Ramelli, Social Justice and the Legitimacy of Slavery: The Role of Philosophical Asceticism from Ancient Judaism to Late Antiquity.
Hezser, Catherine (2019). The Journal of Religion (99) 3, pp 395-397
Review of: Aidan Beatty and Dan O'Brien, eds. Irish Questions and Jewish Questions: Crossovers in Culture. Irish Studies. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2018
Hezser, Catherine (2019). Journal of British Studies (58) 2, pp 438-440
"Review of: Richard Hidary, Rabbis and Classical Rhetoric. Sophistic Education and Oratory in the Talmud and Midrash, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017".
Review of: Walter Homolka, Jesus Reclaimed. Jewish Perspectives on the Nazarene (New York: Berghahn Books, 2015); Jewish Jesus Research and its Challenge to Christology Today (Leiden: Brill, 2017)
Review of: Jonathan S. Milgram, From Mesopotamia to the Mishnah. Tannaitic Inheritance Law in Its Legal and Social Contexts, Tuebingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2016.
Review of: Julia Watts Belser, Power, Ethics, and Ecology in Jewish Late Antiquity. Rabbinic Responses to Drought and Disaster. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015
Review of: Uri Gabbay and Shai Secunda (eds), Encounters by the Rivers of Babylon. Scholarly Conversations Between Jews, Iranians and Babylonians in Antiquity. Tuebingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2014.
Review of: Jason Sion Mokhtarian, Rabbis, Sorcerers, Kings, and Priests. The Culture of the Talmud in Ancient Iran, Oakland: University of California Press, 2015.
Review of: Weiss Halivni, David, The Formation of the Babylonian Talmud. Introduced, translated, and annotated by Jeffrey L. Rubenstein, Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2013.
"Review of: Moshe Simon-Shoshan, Stories of the Law: Narrative Discourse and the Construction of Authority in the Mishnah, New York: Oxford University Press, 2012"
Review of: Eyal Ben-Eliyahu, Yehudah Cohn, and Fergus Millar, 'Handbook of Jewish Literature from Late Antiquity, 135-700 CE'. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013
Hezser, Catherine (2013). Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies (76) 3, pp 497-499
Review of: Ra'anan S. Boustan, Oren Kosansky, Marina Rustow (eds.), "Jewish Studies at the Crossroads of Anthropology and History. Authority, Diaspora, Tradition". Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011.
Review of Tal Ilan and Thomas Ziem, Lexicon of Jewish Names in Late Antiquity, Part III: The Western Diaspora 333 BCE - 650 CE, Tuebingen: Mohr-Siebeck, 2008
Review of: David Daube, The Deed and the Doer in the Bible. David Daube's Giffort Lectured, ed. Calum Carmichael. West Conshohoken, Penn.: Templeton Foundation Press, 2008
Hezser, Catherine (2009). Hebraic political studies (4) 2, pp 190-194
Review of: David Brodsky, 'A Bride Without a Blessing: A Study in the Redaction and Content of Massekhet Kallah and Its Gemara', Tuebingen: Mohr-Siebeck, 2006
Review of: Emmanuel Friedheim, 'Rabbinisme et Paganisme en Palestine romaine'. Etude historique des Realia talmudiques (I - IV siecles), Leiden: Brill, 2006
Review of Rivka Ulmer, ed., 'Discussing Cultural Differences. Text, Context, and Non-Text in Rabbinic Judaism', Lanham: University Press of America, 2007
Review of: Stuart S. Miller, 'Sages and Commoners in Late Antique Erez Israel. A Philological Inquiry into Local Traditions in Talmud Yerushalmi'. Tuebingen: Mohr-Siebeck, 2006
Review of S. Safrai, Z. Safrai, J. Schwartz, P.J. Tompson (eds), 'The Literature of the Sages, Second Part: Midrash and Targum, Liturgy, Poetry, Mysticism, Contracts, Inscriptions, Ancient Science and the Languages of Rabbinic Literature'. CRINT II.3a, Van Gorcum, 2006.
Hezser, Catherine (2007). The Expository Times (118) 11, pp 570-571
Review of Hans-Jürgen Becker, 'Die grossen rabbinischen Sammelwerke Palästinas. Zur literarischen Genese von Talmud Yerushalmi und Midrash Bereshit Rabba'
Hezser, Catherine (2000). Journal for the Study of Judaism (31) 3, pp 305-308
